If you’re shopping for a cookie sheet at Sam’s Club, you’ll wind up in the kitchen section where a tidy jungle of cookware items are displayed, row after row, saying “nonstick” on the wrap band. In 1950, nonstick cooking was the rage. If your great-grandmother is still around, she can tell you that Teflon was something of a revolution for women.
The Teflon story doesn’t have a happy ending, though, not that everybody has even gotten the memo yet. Many Americans haven’t heard of PFAS (pronounced PEE-fasz) yet. They’re microscopic chemical particles found in Teflon coating and firefighter foam (outlawed in some states because it blasts PFAS into the atmosphere).
PFAS are butting heads big-time with Mother Nature. They’re everywhere, they’re unavoidable, and practically indestructible, resisting decomposition for thousands of years – which is why they’re called “forever chemicals.”
Are PFAS this generation’s version of asbestos?
They can filter into anything that isn’t rock solid, living or inanimate, and refuse to die. Accumulation in living tissue raises the risk for a number of serious medical disorders, from thyroid issues to cancer to hormone upheaval.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently announced that PFAS have polluted nearly half of America’s public water systems, including the Great Lakes (some Great Lakes have lower levels than others), plus an unknown number of private wells. They float in air, rain, and soil, so they wind up about everywhere.
The NIH (National Institutes of Health) says 97% of Americans have PFAS in their blood.
Where Did PFAS Come From and Why?
A Dupont chemist named Dr. Roy J. Plunkett accidentally discovered Teflon on April 6, 1938. He was experimenting with Freon gas, a synthetic Dupont refrigerant, when he spotted something bizarre in the lab: a segment of compressed gas had frozen solid into a white waxy polymer (large molecules that repeat in a chain sequence). Chemists referred to it as PTFE – polytetrafluoroethylene – but we know it as Teflon.
By linking two strong chemicals – carbon and fluorine – that don’t naturally bond – man created these synthetic chemicals. Once carbon and fluorine molecules bond, they’re unbreakable. Teflon was found to be remarkably slippery, creating infinite surface applications – most notably a nonstick coating for cookware. It also repelled oil, dirt and stains on fabrics, water, and fire.
In 1945, DuPont de Nemours & Co. patented PTFE and registered it as “Teflon, the most slippery material in existence.” By 1948, the company was rolling out 2 million pounds a year, with competitor 3M close behind.