What Does the Latest Research on PFAS Show?
PFAS (perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl) molecules have a chain of linked carbon and fluorine atoms. Because the carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest, these chemicals do not degrade easily in the environment, says the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Reuters reported.2
Two new investigations found that concentrations are much higher near urban areas rather than rural or mountain settings farther away from industry. Even concentrations found in polluted air, which is the 2nd-fastest conduit, vary greatly.
But one environmental element was found to spread PFAS equally across the Great Lakes, which hold 95% of US freshwater and supply drinking water to 40 million people in the US and Canada: rain.
“Levels detected in rainfall were the same near Chicago and at Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, 223 miles northeast across Lake Michigan near Traverse City,” per the Tribune.
Another study conducted by Indiana University and Canadian researchers concluded that Lake Michigan does not currently exceed the federal limit and will therefore only require consistent testing rather than a costly overhaul at this point.
The American Chemical Society (ACS) in May 2024 advised that the northern-most Great Lakes (Superior, Michigan, and Huron) are “generally accumulating PFAS,” as well as PFOS and PFOA [two of the most hazardous PFAS].3
Lake Erie has the lowest concentration and Lake Huron is holding steady.. Lake Ontario has the highest density of all the Great Lakes, likely because it is shallow and downstream from the three northernmost lakes, according to ACS.
The other study, performed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), confirmed to the Environmental Working Group (EWG) in February 2024 that 70 million Americans drink tap water that tested positive for PFAS – and that only covers one-third of public water supplies.4